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今天阅读全是老题拼盘，偶有加试为新题；按照考题出现频次排列ABCD卷如下。
有两件特别有意思的事告诉各位：
一是今天的D卷考试居然重复了昨天托福考试，其实我想说的是，仔细看我们解析的考生真的有福；
二是今天的A卷重复的居然是去年同一个日期的考题，这是不是巧合，我们不知道，但在我们最近的集训中，这个题是我们预测到，并练习详细讲解过的。
A卷（3篇老题）
The Population and Economy in Sixteenth-Century Europe重复2016.08.27
Methane and the PETM重复2016.12.10上午场
The Cambrian Explosion重复2016.11.05，2015.09.05
B卷（3篇老题+1篇加试新题）
Individual Performance and the Presence of Others重复2015.07.11
Life In the Desert重复2016.10.16
Electric Power Development in the United States重复2015.11.21B卷和2014.8.23 A套
Temporary Pool(加试)
C卷（3篇老题）
Habitat Selection重复2014.05.17
Consolidated Industry in the United States重复2015.10.31
Honeybees and Bumblebees重复2017.08.26
D卷（完全重复昨天2017.08.26）
How plants and animals arrived in the Hawaiian Island
Aztec Chinampa Agriculture
Glaciation in the Pleistocene Era
阅读主要观点提取
总论点：阅读推测Ophir位于南亚的某个地方。
原因一：许多Ophir的商品都来自南亚，比如稀有木材和象牙。同时，考古学家发现南亚经常和世界各地进行商品交易。
原因二： 从Ophir航行到地中海东部需要花费一年半的时间。这一点正好符合Ophir位于南亚的地理位置。
原因三：一些来自Ophir的商品上的文字和古代南亚的文字非常相似。所以，很有可能是古代地中海的人借鉴了商品上的文字。
听力主要观点提取
总论点：Ophir的具体位置仍然无法被确定，阅读中的推论是不可信的（not convincing）。
解释一：许多Ophir的商品来自南亚，并不代表Ophir位于南亚。在古代，各个地方生产的商品首先会被送到交易中心(trading center)。所以，Ophir可能会有一个贸易中心，那些稀有的木材和象牙会先被运到Ophir，然后再被人购买并带到地中海地区。
解释二：古代的船不能进行长距离航行。三千年前，航海技术是十分原始的（primitive），所以为了避免迷航，船只只能在近距离的范围内行驶并且需要经常停下来(frequent stops)。这样一来，船只的航行速度很慢，即使是到阿拉伯半岛也要花费一年或更久。
解释三：一些文字上的相似只是巧合。例如，在英语和澳大利亚土著语中，用来描述“狗”的文字是一模一样的，但是并没有证据表明英格兰和澳大利亚有任何联系。
学生满分范文
The reading discusses the reasons that Ophir was located in South Asian. But the professor says where the Ophir was located cannot be confirmed the reasons presented in the reading are not convincing.
First, the author claims that many goods traded by Ophir’s merchants come from South Asia. However, the professor indicates that this doesn’t necessarily mean the Ophir was in South Asia. It is because goods produced in various places were first brought to trading centers in the ancient world. So, goods were first brought from South Asia to the trading center of Ophir, which may have been located somewhere else.
Second, the passage states that the long voyage time is consistent with the idea that Ophir was located in South Asia. Nevertheless, the speaker says that a ship sailing from a less distant place could take a year or more as well. The reason is that ships had to stay close to the shore and make frequent stops to avoid being lost 3000 years ago. So, the speed of traveling was slow.
Third, the professor contradicts the reading by pointing out the similar words between Mediterranean and South Asia are just a coincidence. For example, although native English speakers and native Australian both use the exact same word of “dog”, there is no connection between England and Australia. (220words)
The Population and Economy in Sixteenth-Century Europe
to capacity = used to its full agricultural potential
（结合语境型词汇题）
cycle = pattern of events that repeats itself
surplus = extra
disrupted = disordered
Methane and the PETM
dramatically = significantly
triggering = starting
simultaneously = at the same time
magnitude = extent
The Cambrian Explosion
ongoing = continuing
corresponds to = matches
complexity = sophistication
allowing = making possible
Individual Performance and the Presence of Others
enhanced = improved
peculiar to = unique to
exert = put forth
Life in the Desert
dispersed = scattered
addressed = dealt with
scarcity = insufficiency
prolonged = extended
Electric Power Development in the United States
commonplace = ordinary
rudimentary = primitive
hazardous = dangerous
Habitat Selection
pertinent = relevant
ceases = stops
integrated = combined
Consolidated Industry in the United States
launched = started
methodically = systematically
accelerated = speeded up
perfected = improved
How Plants and Animals Arrived in the Hawaiian Islands
Obvious = clear
Adjacent to = next to
Widespread = common
Dense = thick
Aztec Chinampa Agriculture
sophistication = complexity
anchored = held in place
eventually = over time
Glaciation in the Pleistocene Era
renowned = famous
concurred with = agreed with
distinctive = characteristic
gradually = slowly
