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个人中心
感谢各位老学员和家长的推荐，我们暑假集训很多班级已满座。
华华托福把专业当作生命，把提分作为使命。一直以来，不谈情怀，不分心任何与托福无关的科目/考试，长时间聚焦托福最核心的备考素材和策略，也因此一直走在行业的最前沿。
华华暑假集训课程仅剩余非常少的名额，每个集训在报名满座之后，官网和小程序将会关闭报名通道，请各位报名之前及时查询官网/小程序或咨询老师。
华叔今天跟各位讲一篇A卷历史听力。
先看这篇theater history讲座笔记。
对对答案。
1.What is the purpose of the lecture?
To discuss an early-twentieth-century artistic movement
2.Why does the professor mention Neoclassicism?
To contrast its sources of inspiration with those of Italian Futurism
3.According to the professor, what are two features of the Italian Futurists’ performances that reflected their artistic ideals?
Click on 2 answers.
A wide variety of works performed in rapid succession
Plays that were much shorter than traditional plays
4.According to the professor, what did simultaneity represent to Italian Futurists?
The confusion and energy of their time
5.What does the professor imply about audiences’ reactions at performances by Italian Futurists?
The reactions were an intended result of the production.
6.What does the professor mean when he says this?
“It's funny. You should say that.”
The student made a point that he had intended to discuss.
综合写作回忆
阅读主要观点提取
总论点：owl parrot鸮鹦鹉是一种源自新西兰的不会飞的鹦鹉。截止到1990年，owl parrot的数量仅剩下49只，科学家想了几个办法来保护它，但是保护它有三个方面的困难。
困难一：owl parrot的繁殖率很低。owl parrot每隔几年才会繁殖一次。另外，每只雌性owl parrot一季度也只能繁殖一到两只。
困难二：owl parrot蛋的死亡率很高。owl parrot繁殖后的蛋经常会生病，并且科学家目前没有办法治愈这种疾病。
困难三：白鼬stoat会杀死owl parrot。新西兰引入stoat来遏制兔子的过快繁殖。虽然现在stoat只是在新西兰的一些岛屿存活，但是它们可以游到其它岛屿上，并且可以轻而易举地杀死毫无防御能力的owl parrot。
听力主要观点提取
总论点：科学家想出了非常好的方法来保护owl parrot。
方法一：owl parrot每隔几年才繁殖一次是因为它们只有在食物充足的年份才能进行繁殖。所以，科学家可以给owl parrot提供其它的食物，这样就可以确保owl parrot每年都有充足的食物。所以，提升了繁殖的频率可以增加它们的数量。
方法二：科学家发现那些患病鸮鹦鹉的蛋，是由于被暴露在寒冷的环境中。雌性鸮鹦鹉是夜行动物，所以它们经常晚上产蛋。所以，科学家可以在鸮鹦鹉筑巢繁殖季节观察它们的鸟巢，等到雌性鸮鹦鹉离开鸟巢的时候，给它们的蛋盖上毯子（blanket），这样就可以防止它们得病，提升数量。
方法三：新西兰和旁边的一些小岛相距甚远，stoat很难到达新西兰。即使有一部分stoat到达了新西兰，也不一定会对owl parrot造成很大的威胁。因为到达stoat的数量较少，很容易捕捉；另外，一些owl parrot在有stoat存活的岛上，数量并没有很明显下降。
阅读A卷四篇文章为
The Angiosperm Revolution
Parental Care by Frogs重复2016.11.13和2017.10.29
The Rise of Medieval Towns
Alaska and Bark Beetles
四篇文章主要内容串讲
第1篇The Angiosperm Revolution(被子植物的变革)，因果分析被子植物为什么能够取代先前存在的无花植物和裸子植物，主要在于两大变革：一是繁殖变革，二是快速的自我恢复能力变革。
第2篇Parental Care by Frogs(青蛙对后代的照顾)，分析这种照顾后代行为的利弊。
第3篇The Rise of Medieval Towns(中世纪城镇的崛起)，因果分析其崛起原因，提出三个假说，然后这三个假说都被批驳，之后又引出新的解释。
第4篇Alaska and Bark Beetles(阿拉斯加和树皮甲壳虫)，按照时间顺序/因果传递，描写气候变化导致的甲壳虫变异，进而导致其对树木的影响，继而对环境产生的各种影响。
分享一道句子简化题
The Angiosperm Revolution(被子植物的变革)，这篇文章语言难度较高（长难句多），专有名词也很多，容易对考生造成压力，比如开篇第一句引入被子植物时就用了一个倒装句：Of all the kinds of modern land plants one group dominates: the angiosperms, or flowering plants. 其实就是“of…”短语提前，of表示“属于”，即我们的主语属于所有现代陆地植物当中一员，它占主导地位，它就是被子植物。
考句
Even earlier types of plants such as ferns are now restricted to certain wet habitats, and many of the dominant gymnosperms (plants with exposed seeds, such as conifers) of the early Mesozoic have now been largely replaced by angiosperms; the formerly dominant gymnosperms that did not become completely extinct now survive in comparatively few places.
选项
Angiosperms gradually replaced gymnosperms and ferns when these became extinct during the early Mesozoic.
Angiosperms began to evolve from earlier plants such as gymnosperms during the late Mesozoic, and gymnosperms now exist only as ferns in certain wet habitats.
Angiosperms have replaced gymnosperms, even in the wet habitats where gymnosperms were formerly dominant.
Angiosperms succeeded at the expense of earlier plants such as ferns and gymnosperms, which now exist in limited habitats or have become completely extinct.
解析：
正确答案是D。原句主要讲述先前存在的蕨类植物(ferns)和裸子植物(gymnosperms)的下场：更早存在的植物如蕨类(ferns)现在只局限于某些潮湿地区；而先前占主导地位的裸子植物(gymnosperms)，很多都被被子植物取代了（即很多裸子植物都灭绝了）；而还没有完全灭绝的裸子植物现在只能存活于很少的地方。
部分词汇题
The Angiosperm Revolution
random = chance
lure = attract
minimizing = reducing to the smallest degree
Parental Care by Frogs
重复2016.11.13, 2017.05.06
potential = possible
harsh = severe
appreciably = significantly
The Rise of Medieval Towns
validity = truth
prospered = succeeded economically
bias = prejudice
justification = reason
Alaska and Bark Beetles
subtle = not obvious
paved the way for = made possible
assaults on = attacks on
wiped out = killed off
